It is a major cereal crop used as a raw material across various sectors, including human consumption, animal feed, and multiple branches of industry. Globally, approximately 65–70% of corn production is utilized as animal feed, while around 20% is directly consumed by humans.

Characteristics of Grain Maize and Its Role in Livestock Nutrition

Energy Source:
Grain maize is an excellent energy source due to its high carbohydrate content. It is rich in starch, which enables animals to quickly meet their energy needs. Therefore, it is considered a key feed ingredient, especially for ruminant animals such as sheep, goats, and cattle, as well as in beef production.

Low Cellulose Content:
Compared to other grains, corn has a lower crude cellulose content. This means it is easier to digest and places less strain on the digestive systems of animals.

Palatability:
Corn’s palatability makes it easily preferred by animals, which in turn increases feed intake when included in their ration

Animal Production Performance
Thanks to its high energy content, corn grain enhances growth rate, supports milk production, and promotes weight gain. It is especially beneficial for optimizing growth in cattle and small ruminants during the fattening period.

Uses of Corn
Cattle and Large Ruminants: Corn is widely used as a high-energy source in cattle rations, especially during the fattening period. Its energy content plays a key role in promoting fat deposition and muscle development.

Small Ruminants (Sheep, Goats): Corn is commonly used in the diets of these ruminants, particularly for breeding and growth purposes.
Poultry (Chickens and Other Birds): Corn serves as an important energy source for poultry. It contributes to improved feed efficiency and increased egg production

Nutritional Value of Corn Grain (per 100 grams)
Calories: Approximately 365–375 kcal
Carbohydrates: 74–76 g (high starch content)
Fiber: 7 g (low crude cellulose)
Protein: 7–9 g
Fat: 4 g
Vitamins and Minerals: (Details to be specified)